To succeed, entrepreneurs must attract
and retain a growing base of satisfied customers. Marketing programs, though
widely varied, are all aimed at convincing people to try out or keep using
particular products or services. Business owners should carefully plan their
marketing strategies and performance to keep their market presence strong.
What is Marketing?
Marketing is based on the importance
of customers to a business and has two important principles:
1.
All
company policies and activities should be directed toward satisfying customer
needs.
2.
Profitable
sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume.
·
Determine
the needs of their customers through market research
·
Analyze
their competitive advantages to develop a market strategy
·
Select
specific markets to serve by target marketing
·
Determine
how to satisfy customer needs by identifying a market mix
·
Market
Research
Successful marketing requires timely
and relevant market information. An inexpensive research program, based on
questionnaires given to current or prospective customers, can often uncover
dissatisfaction or possible new products or services.
Market research will also identify
trends that affect sales and profitability. Population shifts, legal
developments, and the local economic situation should be monitored to quickly
identify problems and opportunities. It is also important to keep up with competitors'
market strategies.
Marketing
Strategy
A marketing strategy identifies
customer groups which a particular business can better serve than its target
competitors, and tailors product offerings, prices, distribution, promotional
efforts, and services toward those market segments. Ideally, the strategy should
address unmet customer needs that offer adequate potential profitability. A
good strategy helps a business focus on the target markets it can serve best.
Target
Marketing
Owners of small businesses usually
have limited resources to spend on marketing. Concentrating their efforts on
one or a few key market segments target marketing gets the most return from
small investments. There are two methods used to segment a market:
·
Geographical
segmentation Specializing in serving the needs of customers in a particular
geographical area. For example, a neighborhood convenience store may send
advertisements only to people living within one-half mile of the store.
·
Customer
segmentation Identifying those people most likely to buy the product or service
and targeting those groups.
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